request.py 18 KB

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  1. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
  2. """
  3. Created on 2018-07-25 11:49:08
  4. ---------
  5. @summary: 请求结构体
  6. ---------
  7. @author: Boris
  8. @email: boris_liu@foxmail.com
  9. """
  10. import copy
  11. import os
  12. import re
  13. import requests
  14. from requests.cookies import RequestsCookieJar
  15. from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
  16. import feapder.setting as setting
  17. import feapder.utils.tools as tools
  18. from feapder.db.redisdb import RedisDB
  19. from feapder.network import user_agent
  20. from feapder.network.downloader.base import Downloader, RenderDownloader
  21. from feapder.network.proxy_pool import BaseProxyPool
  22. from feapder.network.response import Response
  23. from feapder.utils.log import log
  24. # 屏蔽warning信息
  25. requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)
  26. class Request:
  27. user_agent_pool = user_agent
  28. proxies_pool: BaseProxyPool = None
  29. cache_db = None # redis / pika
  30. cached_redis_key = None # 缓存response的文件文件夹 response_cached:cached_redis_key:md5
  31. cached_expire_time = 1200 # 缓存过期时间
  32. # 下载器
  33. downloader: Downloader = None
  34. session_downloader: Downloader = None
  35. render_downloader: RenderDownloader = None
  36. __REQUEST_ATTRS__ = {
  37. # "method",
  38. # "url",
  39. "params",
  40. "data",
  41. "headers",
  42. "cookies",
  43. "files",
  44. "auth",
  45. "timeout",
  46. "allow_redirects",
  47. "proxies",
  48. "hooks",
  49. "stream",
  50. "verify",
  51. "cert",
  52. "json",
  53. }
  54. _DEFAULT_KEY_VALUE_ = dict(
  55. url="",
  56. method=None,
  57. retry_times=0,
  58. priority=300,
  59. parser_name=None,
  60. callback=None,
  61. filter_repeat=True,
  62. auto_request=True,
  63. request_sync=False,
  64. use_session=None,
  65. random_user_agent=True,
  66. download_midware=None,
  67. is_abandoned=False,
  68. render=False,
  69. render_time=0,
  70. make_absolute_links=None,
  71. )
  72. _CUSTOM_PROPERTIES_ = {
  73. "requests_kwargs",
  74. "custom_ua",
  75. "custom_proxies",
  76. }
  77. def __init__(
  78. self,
  79. url="",
  80. retry_times=0,
  81. priority=300,
  82. parser_name=None,
  83. callback=None,
  84. filter_repeat=True,
  85. auto_request=True,
  86. request_sync=False,
  87. use_session=None,
  88. random_user_agent=True,
  89. download_midware=None,
  90. is_abandoned=False,
  91. render=False,
  92. render_time=0,
  93. make_absolute_links=None,
  94. page=None,
  95. **kwargs,
  96. ):
  97. """
  98. @summary: Request参数
  99. ---------
  100. 框架参数
  101. @param url: 待抓取url
  102. @param retry_times: 当前重试次数
  103. @param priority: 优先级 越小越优先 默认300
  104. @param parser_name: 回调函数所在的类名 默认为当前类
  105. @param callback: 回调函数 可以是函数 也可是函数名(如想跨类回调时,parser_name指定那个类名,callback指定那个类想回调的方法名即可)
  106. @param filter_repeat: 是否需要去重 (True/False) 当setting中的REQUEST_FILTER_ENABLE设置为True时该参数生效 默认True
  107. @param auto_request: 是否需要自动请求下载网页 默认是。设置为False时返回的response为空,需要自己去请求网页
  108. @param request_sync: 是否同步请求下载网页,默认异步。如果该请求url过期时间快,可设置为True,相当于yield的reqeust会立即响应,而不是去排队
  109. @param use_session: 是否使用session方式
  110. @param random_user_agent: 是否随机User-Agent (True/False) 当setting中的RANDOM_HEADERS设置为True时该参数生效 默认True
  111. @param download_midware: 下载中间件。默认为parser中的download_midware
  112. @param is_abandoned: 当发生异常时是否放弃重试 True/False. 默认False
  113. @param render: 是否用浏览器渲染
  114. @param render_time: 渲染时长,即打开网页等待指定时间后再获取源码
  115. @param make_absolute_links: 是否转成绝对连接,默认是
  116. --
  117. 以下参数与requests参数使用方式一致
  118. @param method: 请求方式,如POST或GET,默认根据data值是否为空来判断
  119. @param params: 请求参数
  120. @param data: 请求body
  121. @param json: 请求json字符串,同 json.dumps(data)
  122. @param headers:
  123. @param cookies: 字典 或 CookieJar 对象
  124. @param files:
  125. @param auth:
  126. @param timeout: (浮点或元组)等待服务器数据的超时限制,是一个浮点数,或是一个(connect timeout, read timeout) 元组
  127. @param allow_redirects : Boolean. True 表示允许跟踪 POST/PUT/DELETE 方法的重定向
  128. @param proxies: 代理 {"http":"http://xxx", "https":"https://xxx"}
  129. @param verify: 为 True 时将会验证 SSL 证书
  130. @param stream: 如果为 False,将会立即下载响应内容
  131. @param cert:
  132. --
  133. @param **kwargs: 其他值: 如 Request(item=item) 则item可直接用 request.item 取出
  134. --
  135. 扩展参数[剑鱼]
  136. @param page: 当前翻页页码
  137. ---------
  138. @result:
  139. """
  140. self.url = url
  141. self.method = None
  142. self.retry_times = retry_times
  143. self.priority = priority
  144. self.parser_name = parser_name
  145. self.callback = callback
  146. self.filter_repeat = filter_repeat
  147. self.auto_request = auto_request
  148. self.request_sync = request_sync
  149. self.use_session = use_session
  150. self.random_user_agent = random_user_agent
  151. self.download_midware = download_midware
  152. self.is_abandoned = is_abandoned
  153. self.render = render
  154. self.render_time = render_time
  155. self.make_absolute_links = (
  156. make_absolute_links
  157. if make_absolute_links is not None
  158. else setting.MAKE_ABSOLUTE_LINKS
  159. )
  160. self.page = page
  161. # 自定义属性,不参与序列化
  162. self.requests_kwargs = {}
  163. for key, value in kwargs.items():
  164. if key in self.__class__.__REQUEST_ATTRS__: # 取requests参数
  165. self.requests_kwargs[key] = value
  166. self.__dict__[key] = value
  167. self.custom_ua = False
  168. self.custom_proxies = False
  169. def __repr__(self):
  170. try:
  171. return "<Request {}>".format(self.url)
  172. except:
  173. return "<Request {}>".format(str(self.to_dict)[:40])
  174. def __setattr__(self, key, value):
  175. """
  176. 针对 request.xxx = xxx 的形式,更新reqeust及内部参数值
  177. @param key:
  178. @param value:
  179. @return:
  180. """
  181. self.__dict__[key] = value
  182. if key in self.__class__.__REQUEST_ATTRS__:
  183. self.requests_kwargs[key] = value
  184. def __lt__(self, other):
  185. return self.priority < other.priority
  186. @property
  187. def _downloader(self):
  188. if not self.__class__.downloader:
  189. self.__class__.downloader = tools.import_cls(setting.DOWNLOADER)()
  190. return self.__class__.downloader
  191. @property
  192. def _proxies_pool(self):
  193. if not self.__class__.proxies_pool:
  194. self.__class__.proxies_pool = tools.import_cls(setting.PROXY_POOL)()
  195. return self.__class__.proxies_pool
  196. @property
  197. def _session_downloader(self):
  198. if not self.__class__.session_downloader:
  199. self.__class__.session_downloader = tools.import_cls(
  200. setting.SESSION_DOWNLOADER
  201. )()
  202. return self.__class__.session_downloader
  203. @property
  204. def _render_downloader(self):
  205. if not self.__class__.render_downloader:
  206. try:
  207. self.__class__.render_downloader = tools.import_cls(
  208. setting.RENDER_DOWNLOADER
  209. )()
  210. except AttributeError:
  211. log.error('当前是渲染模式,请安装 pip install "feapder[render]"')
  212. os._exit(0)
  213. return self.__class__.render_downloader
  214. @property
  215. def to_dict(self):
  216. request_dict = {}
  217. self.callback = (
  218. getattr(self.callback, "__name__")
  219. if callable(self.callback)
  220. else self.callback
  221. )
  222. if isinstance(self.download_midware, (tuple, list)):
  223. self.download_midware = [
  224. getattr(download_midware, "__name__")
  225. if callable(download_midware)
  226. and download_midware.__class__.__name__ == "method"
  227. else download_midware
  228. for download_midware in self.download_midware
  229. ]
  230. else:
  231. self.download_midware = (
  232. getattr(self.download_midware, "__name__")
  233. if callable(self.download_midware)
  234. and self.download_midware.__class__.__name__ == "method"
  235. else self.download_midware
  236. )
  237. for key, value in self.__dict__.items():
  238. if (
  239. key in self.__class__._DEFAULT_KEY_VALUE_
  240. and self.__class__._DEFAULT_KEY_VALUE_.get(key) == value
  241. or key in self.__class__._CUSTOM_PROPERTIES_
  242. ):
  243. continue
  244. if value is not None:
  245. if key in self.__class__.__REQUEST_ATTRS__:
  246. if not isinstance(
  247. value, (bool, float, int, str, tuple, list, dict)
  248. ):
  249. value = tools.dumps_obj(value)
  250. else:
  251. if not isinstance(value, (bool, float, int, str)):
  252. value = tools.dumps_obj(value)
  253. request_dict[key] = value
  254. return request_dict
  255. @property
  256. def callback_name(self):
  257. return (
  258. getattr(self.callback, "__name__")
  259. if callable(self.callback)
  260. else self.callback
  261. )
  262. def make_requests_kwargs(self):
  263. """
  264. 处理参数
  265. """
  266. # 设置超时默认时间
  267. self.requests_kwargs.setdefault(
  268. "timeout", setting.REQUEST_TIMEOUT
  269. ) # connect=22 read=22
  270. # 设置stream
  271. # 默认情况下,当你进行网络请求后,响应体会立即被下载。
  272. # stream=True是,调用Response.content 才会下载响应体,默认只返回header。
  273. # 缺点: stream 设为 True,Requests 无法将连接释放回连接池,除非消耗了所有的数据,或者调用了 Response.close。 这样会带来连接效率低下的问题。
  274. self.requests_kwargs.setdefault("stream", True)
  275. # 关闭证书验证
  276. self.requests_kwargs.setdefault("verify", False)
  277. # 设置请求方法
  278. method = self.__dict__.get("method")
  279. if not method:
  280. if "data" in self.requests_kwargs or "json" in self.requests_kwargs:
  281. method = "POST"
  282. else:
  283. method = "GET"
  284. self.method = method
  285. # 设置user—agent
  286. headers = self.requests_kwargs.get("headers", {})
  287. if "user-agent" not in headers and "User-Agent" not in headers:
  288. if self.random_user_agent and setting.RANDOM_HEADERS:
  289. # 随机user—agent
  290. ua = self.__class__.user_agent_pool.get(setting.USER_AGENT_TYPE)
  291. headers.update({"User-Agent": ua})
  292. self.requests_kwargs.update(headers=headers)
  293. else:
  294. # 使用默认的user—agent
  295. self.requests_kwargs.setdefault(
  296. "headers", {"User-Agent": setting.DEFAULT_USERAGENT}
  297. )
  298. else:
  299. self.custom_ua = True
  300. # 代理
  301. proxies = self.requests_kwargs.get("proxies", -1)
  302. if proxies == -1 and setting.PROXY_ENABLE and setting.PROXY_EXTRACT_API:
  303. while True:
  304. proxies = self._proxies_pool.get_proxy()
  305. if proxies:
  306. self.requests_kwargs.update(proxies=proxies)
  307. break
  308. else:
  309. log.debug("暂无可用代理 ...")
  310. else:
  311. self.custom_proxies = True
  312. def get_response(self, save_cached=False, show_log=True):
  313. """
  314. 获取带有selector功能的response
  315. @param save_cached: 保存缓存 方便调试时不用每次都重新下载
  316. @param show_log: 展示日志
  317. @return:
  318. """
  319. self.make_requests_kwargs()
  320. if show_log:
  321. log.debug(
  322. """
  323. -------------- %srequest for ----------------
  324. url = %s
  325. method = %s
  326. args = %s
  327. """
  328. % (
  329. ""
  330. if not self.parser_name
  331. else "%s.%s "
  332. % (
  333. self.parser_name,
  334. (
  335. self.callback
  336. and callable(self.callback)
  337. and getattr(self.callback, "__name__")
  338. or self.callback
  339. )
  340. or "parse",
  341. ),
  342. self.url,
  343. self.method,
  344. self.requests_kwargs,
  345. )
  346. )
  347. use_session = (
  348. setting.USE_SESSION if self.use_session is None else self.use_session
  349. )
  350. if self.render:
  351. response = self._render_downloader.download(self)
  352. elif use_session:
  353. response = self._session_downloader.download(self)
  354. else:
  355. response = self._downloader.download(self)
  356. response.make_absolute_links = self.make_absolute_links
  357. if save_cached:
  358. self.save_cached(response, expire_time=self.__class__.cached_expire_time)
  359. return response
  360. def get_params(self):
  361. return self.requests_kwargs.get("params")
  362. def get_proxies(self) -> dict:
  363. """
  364. Returns: {"https": "https://ip:port", "http": "http://ip:port"}
  365. """
  366. return self.requests_kwargs.get("proxies")
  367. def get_proxy(self) -> str:
  368. """
  369. Returns: ip:port
  370. """
  371. proxies = self.get_proxies()
  372. if proxies:
  373. return re.sub(
  374. "http.*?//", "", proxies.get("http", "") or proxies.get("https", "")
  375. )
  376. def del_proxy(self):
  377. proxy = self.get_proxy()
  378. if proxy:
  379. self._proxies_pool.del_proxy(proxy)
  380. del self.requests_kwargs["proxies"]
  381. def get_headers(self) -> dict:
  382. return self.requests_kwargs.get("headers", {})
  383. def get_user_agent(self) -> str:
  384. return self.get_headers().get("user_agent") or self.get_headers().get(
  385. "User-Agent"
  386. )
  387. def get_cookies(self) -> dict:
  388. cookies = self.requests_kwargs.get("cookies")
  389. if cookies and isinstance(cookies, RequestsCookieJar):
  390. cookies = cookies.get_dict()
  391. if not cookies:
  392. cookie_str = self.get_headers().get("Cookie") or self.get_headers().get(
  393. "cookie"
  394. )
  395. if cookie_str:
  396. cookies = tools.get_cookies_from_str(cookie_str)
  397. return cookies
  398. def user_agent(self):
  399. headers = self.requests_kwargs.get("headers")
  400. if headers:
  401. return headers.get("user_agent") or headers.get("User-Agent")
  402. @property
  403. def fingerprint(self):
  404. """
  405. request唯一表识
  406. @return:
  407. """
  408. url = self.__dict__.get("url", "")
  409. # url 归一化
  410. url = tools.canonicalize_url(url)
  411. args = [url]
  412. for arg in ["params", "data", "files", "auth", "cert", "json"]:
  413. if self.requests_kwargs.get(arg):
  414. args.append(self.requests_kwargs.get(arg))
  415. return tools.get_md5(*args)
  416. @property
  417. def _cache_db(self):
  418. if not self.__class__.cache_db:
  419. self.__class__.cache_db = RedisDB()
  420. return self.__class__.cache_db
  421. @property
  422. def _cached_redis_key(self):
  423. if self.__class__.cached_redis_key:
  424. return (
  425. f"response_cached:{self.__class__.cached_redis_key}:{self.fingerprint}"
  426. )
  427. else:
  428. return f"response_cached:test:{self.fingerprint}"
  429. def save_cached(self, response, expire_time=1200):
  430. """
  431. 使用redis保存response 用于调试 不用每回都下载
  432. @param response:
  433. @param expire_time: 过期时间
  434. @return:
  435. """
  436. self._cache_db.strset(self._cached_redis_key, response.to_dict, ex=expire_time)
  437. def get_response_from_cached(self, save_cached=True):
  438. """
  439. 从缓存中获取response
  440. 注意:
  441. 属性值为空:
  442. -raw : urllib3.response.HTTPResponse
  443. -connection:requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter
  444. -history
  445. 属性含义改变:
  446. - request 由requests 改为Request
  447. @param: save_cached 当无缓存 直接下载 下载完是否保存缓存
  448. @return:
  449. """
  450. response_dict = self._cache_db.strget(self._cached_redis_key)
  451. if not response_dict:
  452. log.info("无response缓存 重新下载")
  453. response_obj = self.get_response(save_cached=save_cached)
  454. else:
  455. response_dict = eval(response_dict)
  456. response_obj = Response.from_dict(response_dict)
  457. return response_obj
  458. def del_response_cached(self):
  459. self._cache_db.clear(self._cached_redis_key)
  460. @classmethod
  461. def from_dict(cls, request_dict):
  462. for key, value in request_dict.items():
  463. if isinstance(value, bytes): # 反序列化 如item
  464. request_dict[key] = tools.loads_obj(value)
  465. return cls(**request_dict)
  466. def copy(self):
  467. return self.__class__.from_dict(copy.deepcopy(self.to_dict))